SOLVING GEOGRAPHY EXAMS | SOLVING PHOTOGRAPHY-2019-1999

NECTA 2019

Study the following photograph and answer the questions that follow:

(a) What is the name of the dominant trees?

The dominant trees are called Baobab trees.

(b) Name two land uses that might be suitable in the area.

Two land uses that might be suitable in the area are

- The land can be used for agriculture

- Can be used as recreational land and used for human pleasure.

- Land can play a vital role in the ecosystem as can act as homes for wild animals.

Three possible regions in Tanzania where photography might have been taken are

- Arusha (Tarangire National Park)

- Iringa (Ruaha national park) and

- Dodoma.

(d) Describe relief features shown in the photograph.

At the foreground relief features shown on the photograph is flat landscape and at the background of the photography relief feature shown is Mountain.

(e) Briefly explain the formation of the relief feature found in the background.
Feature found in the background formed when two plates move together (a compressional plate margin). This can be where two continental plates move towards each other or a continental and an oceanic plate. The movement of the two plates forces sedimentary rocks upwards into a series of folds.

NECTA 2018

Study the following photograph and answer the questions that follow:

(a) Giving two reasons, name the type of photograph.

The type of photograph is Low Oblique photograph due to the following reasons:

- It covers a relatively small area.

- It shows both top view and front view

- The horizon is not easily seen at the backward of the photograph

- The objects have a more familiar view, comparable to viewing from the top of a high hill or tall building.

(b) Suggest the type of settlement pattern and give one factor that has influenced it.

The photograph involves two types of settlement patterns which are:

- Linear settlement pattern because of the building arranged along the road

- Nucleated Settlement pattern because the buildings are very close to each other

Two economic activities which might take place on the photograph given are:

- Transportation activities due to the presence of road on a photograph.

- Trade activities - due to the presence of booth on a photograph, and many people in urban areas are engaging in trade

(d) Provide three advantages of photographs over map.

Three advantages of photographs over maps are:

- Photographs are very cheap to make while Maps are very expensive

- Photographs are not consumed a lot of time while Maps are consuming a lot of time.

- The scales of Photographs are variable while the scales of Maps are constant.

NECTA 2017

Study carefully photograph provided then answer the questions that follow:

a) Suggest the title of the photograph

Ground Photograph

b) (i) Name the type of forest seen in the photograph

Artificial Forest (Coniferous Forest)

(ii) Give two characteristics of the forest named in (i)

- The trees are mainly for soft wood

- Most the trees are of high commercial value

c) Outline three ways of interpreting the photograph

The photograph given is GROUND PHOTOGRAPH, it is interpreted by looking the following ways:
1. If horizon easily seen at the backward of the photograph.

2. If fore image look larger than middle and backward of the photograph.

3. If some of fore object hide back and middle object of the photograph.

4. If only one side of the object seen.

5. If scale of the photograph increase backward.

1. By determining the title on the photograph.

2. By interpreting vegetation on the photograph.

3. By interpreting climate shown on the photograph

d) (i) Identify the product in the middle ground of the photograph

Timber

(ii) Give two uses of the product in the middle ground of the photograph

- They are used as building materials, e.g: poles

- They are used in making furniture, e.g: tables, chairs

NECTA 2016
Study the photograph given below then answer the questions that follow:

a) Name the type of photograph

Ground Photograph

b) Give three characteristics of the type of photograph in (a) above

Characteristics of Ground Photograph are:

- It shows the only side or front view of the objects

- The foreground objects look larger than the middle and background objects

- The scale decrease from the foreground to the background

- It shows the horizon at the background of the photographic area

c) Explain four possible factors which may cause the loss biodiversity in the photograph

1. Poaching, this is illegal hunting of animals and may lead to disappearance of animals

2. Deforestation, this is cutting down of trees and may lead disappearance of animals and plants

3. Bush Fire, this is burning of plants and may lead to disappearance of plants and animals

4. Agriculture, like cultivation and overgrazing within the area may lead plants and animals to disappear
5. Pests and diseases can kill large number of giraffe

d) In three points, describe the importance of vegetation shown in the area

- Providing food and habitats for the animals like giraffes, buffaloes, elephants

- Providing habitats for the animals like monkeys

- Providing medicine like of natural herbs

- Source of Rainfall this is giving off vapour to the sky through stomata
- Oxygen, vegetation releases oxygen and sequesters carbon.

- Soil development, vegetation affects soil development over time, generally contributing to a more productive soil.

NECTA 2015

Carefully study the photograph given below then answer the questions that follow:

a) Name the type of photograph

Low Oblique Photograph due to the following reasons:

- The image on the photo shows both top and side views

- Foreground objects look larger than middle and background

- The horizon is not easily seen at the backward of the photograph

b) Describe the relief of the area

Relief of the area is:

- Mountainous areas

- Highlands with various hills at the backward

c) Giving two reasons, describe the scale of production of the crop in the photograph

Small Scale Agriculture

- Size of the farm, the area of the farm look small

- More than one crop grown in the farm as it is seen at the backward

d) Explain two uses of the crop (maize) in the photograph

- Providing food to the human beings

- Feeding animals like pigs, cattle and poultry

Corn silk (maize long shiny fibers) is used for bladder infections, inflammation of the urinary system, inflammation of the prostate, kidney stones, and bed wetting. It is also used to treat congestive heart failure, diabetes, high blood pressure, fatigue, and high cholesterol levels.

e) Describe three conditions necessary for the production of the crop

- Moderate rainfall of about 896 mm especially in the growing period

- Temperature of about 18°c
- Soil, the best suitable soil for maize is deep and rich soils of the sub-tropics

NECTA 2014

Study the photograph given below and then answer the questions that follow:

a) With two reasons, identify the type of the photograph

High Oblique Photograph because of:

- It displays both top and side views of buildings

- Horizon is easily at the backward of the photographic area

- The area get larger from the foreground, then small to middle and backward of the photograph
- The photograph taken when a camera is slanting at an angle less than 90°
- The photographer is standing on an elevated ground and hold the camera on an angle towards the lower ground

b) Identify the type of the settlement pattern seen on the photograph

Nucleated Settlement Pattern because the buildings are seen to be compacted and close to one another

c) Name two economic importance of the area shown on the photograph

- Manufacturing, industrial activities are common in urban area due to easy access to the market

- Trade, presence of large buildings indicate trading activities like hotels, banks and rented

buildings, and it is common activity in town areas
- Revenue collected by government after rent their buildings boost economy of a country
- Employment opportunity due to offices shown on the photograph

d) Explain two social and environmental problems that are likely to occur in the area

1. Environmental Pollution like water, land, air and noise pollution due to high concentration of and various activities like manufacturing

2. Emergence of Crimes like theft and robbery since in urban areas there is high competition for jobs so many people become jobless
3. Eruption of Diseases like cholera and HIV/AIDS due to high concentration of people and environmental pollution

4. Overpopulation

NECTA 2013
Study the photograph provided below, and then answer the questions that follow:

a) Identify the type of the photograph. Give concrete evidence to justify your answer

High Oblique Photograph due to the following reasons:

- It shows both top and side views of features like the buildings

- Its scale reduce progressively from the foreground to the background

- It shows the horizon at the background of the photograph
- The photograph taken when a camera is slanting at an angle less than 90°

b) By providing evidence from the photograph, describe the relief of the area

Relief is physical appearance of an area or land, the relief of an area is:

Lowland coastal region because the area lies towards the sea at the background of photographed area

c) Explain three possible factors which have contributed to the growth of this town

1. Relief, the area is located in lowland landscape which influences the people to establish various settlements and infrastructures
2. Water body, presence of sea at the background of photograph attracts many people to construct various house and infrastructures

3. Trade, presence of sea and harbor influence the growth of town due different trading activities
4. Transport, presence of sea encourage easy transportation of people and goods

d) Apart from providing shade, explain any other three advantages of the vegetation shown on the photograph

- Providing oxygen gas to the human beings and absorb the carbon dioxide gas

- Preventing soil erosion, since the vegetation cover and protect the land

- Decoration of town, they provide a good view and make the area attractive
- Source of rainfall, vegetation act as a source of rainfall to the area

NECTA 2012

a) Name Three Types of Geographical Photographs

- Ground or Horizontal Photographs

- Oblique Photographs

- Vertical or Aerial Photographs

b) Specify the type of Geographical Photograph which is:

i) Taken horizontally on the ground

Ground Photograph

ii) Used in map making

Vertical Photograph

c) Explain five differences between the photograph you have mentioned in (b) (ii) above and topographical maps.

TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP	VERTICAL PHOTOGRAPH
- represents a vertical “plan” of a region	- It represents a realistic image.
- Topographical map covers large area	- Vertical photographs show small area
- It contains keys and scale	- It does not contain keys and scale
- It shows grid references	- It does not show grid references
- It shows both latitudes and longitudes	- It does not show latitudes and longitudes

NECTA 2011

Carefully study the following photograph and answer the questions that follow:

a) Suggest the type of the photograph by giving two reasons

High Oblique Photograph due to the following reasons:

- It shows both top and side views of features like the buildings

- Its scale reduce progressively from the foreground to the background

- It shows the horizon at the background of the photograph

b) Suggest any four economic activities that might be taking place in the area shown on the photograph

1. Fishing, this is evidenced by the presence of water body (ocean) at the central part of

photograph

2. Trade, the area is town where trading activities is common

3. Transportation, this is proved by the presence of ships and boats on the water body

4. Manufacturing, this is also proved by the presence of industries at the left background of photograph, likewise this a common activity urban areas

c) Comment on the nature of the settlement pattern as it is portrayed on the photograph

- Nucleated Settlement since the buildings are very close to each other

- Linear Settlement since the buildings are built along the cost of water body

d) Explain the relief of the area

- Lowland coastal region with extensive plain surface which has allowed the establishment of settlements

NECTA 2010 (PC)

Carefully study the photograph provided below and then answers the questions that follow:

a) At what time was the photograph taken? Give reasons for your answer

Morning Hours due to the following reasons:

- Tea harvesting is usually done in the morning in order to maintain the quality of the tea leaves because during the noon the tea leaves tend to shrink due sunrays

b) Determine the growing stage which has been reached by the crop

Harvesting or Picking Stage

c) Name the physical factors which favour the growth of the crop shown in the foreground and middle ground of the photograph
- Cool Temperature of about 15°C

- Moderate Rainfall from 1000 to 1300mm

- Sloping Land

- well drained soil

d) With reason(s) mention the type of the photograph

Low Oblique Photograph due to the following reasons:

- It shows both the top and front view of the image

- The horizon is not seen

NECTA 2010

Carefully study the photograph provided below and then answers the questions that follow:

a) Name the crop shown in the photograph

Sisal

b) Mention the natural conditions which favour the growth of the crop

- Well drained soils

- Slight rainfall

- High temperature

- Fertile soil

c) Tanzania is very famous in growing the crop mentioned in (a) above. Name the regions of Tanzania which grow the crop at commercial level

- Morogoro

- Tanga

- Kilimanjaro

d) With concrete evidence, explain the scale of production as shown on the photograph

Large scale production because of the following reasons:

1. The farm or plantation has covered Large Area

2. Use of Mechanized Methods due to the presence of road which allows the movement of modern machines like tractors and other transport vehicles

3. Absence of people’ settlement nearby the plantation which means that there is high use of chemicals

NECTA 2009
Study the photograph provided, then answer the questions that follow:

a) What type of photograph is this? Give reasons for your answer

Ground or Horizontal Photograph due to the following reasons:

- It shows the side or front view of the image

- The foreground objects look larger than the middle and background objects

- The horizon is easily seen from the background of the object

b) With evidence suggest the type of climate of the place where this photograph was taken
Tropical or Savannah Climate because of scattered tall trees with small leaves to retain water during the dry season

c) What kind of activity is taking place in the area?

Deforestation

d) What will happen if the activity in (c) above takes place in your local environment?

The impact of deforestation (cutting down of trees) in the local areas is

- Desertification, due to clearance of trees

- Loss of biodiversity, both plants and animals

- Drought, due to destruction of trees which protect water sources

- Soil erosion, due to destruction of trees and grasses which protect and cover the land

NECTA 2008

Study carefully the photograph given and answer the question that follow:

a) Identify the type of photograph shown

Ground Photograph because of two reasons

- It shows the side or front view of the image

- The foreground objects look larger than the middle and background objects

b) Name three (3) features found on the photograph

- Cliffs

- Caves

- Stacks

c) How are the features named in (b) above formed?

Cliffs are the high or steep faces of rock along the sea coast and produced by breaking waves
Caves is cavity or hollow at the base of a cliff formed as a result constant wave erosion
Stacks are the isolated mass of rock near a coastline detached from the mainland by wave erosion after the collapse of an arch

d) What are the economic importance of the features found on the photograph?

Tourism because the features like cliffs and caves attract tourists and pay foreign currency
Source of Income because the people can collect and sell rocks as building materials
Development of Fishing Industry because the features like caves and stacks provide good habitats for marine organisms
NECTA 2007
Study the photograph provided carefully, then answer the questions that follow:

a) Name the type of photograph

Ground Photograph due to the following reasons:

-  It shows the side or front view of the image

- The foreground objects look larger than the middle and background objects

b) State the scale of the photograph

The scale decrease from the foreground to the background

c) Explain the physical features found in the area

- River banks and spurs at the middle and background of the photograph

- River at the back and middle of the photographed area

- Hills which are found at the back of the photograph

d) State the main activities of the area

- Agriculture because the people are observed cultivating at the foreground of the photograph

- Fishing due to the presence of river at the middle of the photographed area.

NECTA 2006

Study carefully the photograph provided carefully, then answer the questions that follow:

a) Name the type of photograph provided

  Ground Photograph due to the following reasons:

- It shows the side view of the objects

- Horizon is easily seen at the backward of the photographic area

- Its scale decrease from the foreground to the background

b) Name the crop shown on the foreground of the photograph

Pyrethrum

c) Name the conditions which favour the growth of the crop shown in the photograph
  The conditions which favour the growth of  Pyrethrum are:

- High Rainfall of about 1000 to 1500mm which must be well distributed

- Cool and moist climate

- An altitude of 1800 to 3000m above the sea level

- Fertile, drained and limed volcanic soil

d) Comment on the stage which might have been reached by the crops mentioned in (b) above

Harvesting Stage

-The people shown in the photograph seemed to be Picking the pyrethrum flowers

NECTA 2004

Study carefully the photograph provided carefully, then answer the questions that follow:

a) Name the of photograph

Ground or Horizontal Photograph because of the following reasons:

- It shows only the side view of the objects

- The foreground look larger than the middle and background

- The horizon is easily seen at the backward of the photographic area



b) Describe the possible climate of the area

Semi - Arid Climate due to the following reasons:

- The baobab trees are commonly found in semi

- arid region since they are very resistance to drought condition

- The presence of bush land and thicket vegetation support the climate

c) Suggest the economic activities that might be taking place in the area

- Tourism due to the presence of animals like elephants and different kinds vegetation

- Trade due the  presence of baobab trees which produce fruits for trading activities
- Pastoralism, due to the presence of grasses at the foreground and background of the image
  - Hunting due to the presence of animals like elephants in the photographic area


d)    From which part of Tanzania was this photograph taken?

Dodoma, Singida and Arusha

NECTA 2003

Carefully study the photograph provided carefully, then answer the questions that follow:

a) Identify the type crop shown on the foreground

Cotton

b) Name any three possible areas in Tanzania where the crop is grown

Mwanza, Shinyanga

Mara,  Morogoro

c) With reasons determine the time at which the photograph was taken

Morning Hours due to the following reasons:

- Cotton needs cool condition during harvesting since hot condition causes the fruit to burst

- The way people dressed tells that the condition was not very hot

d) State the type of photograph

Ground Photograph due to the following reasons:

- It shows only side or front view of the objects

- Horizon is easily seen at the background of the photographic area

- The scale of the photographic area decrease backward

NECTA 2002

Carefully study the photograph provided, then answer the questions that follow:

a) Name the crop shown on the photograph

Sugarcane

b) Give the necessary conditions for the growth of the crop shown on the photograph

- High temperature between 21°C and 27°C throughout the year

- Enough Rainfall of about 1270mm

- Deep and Fertile Soils which can retain water

- Flat Land for easy mechanization

c) What activity is taking place in the photograph?

Harvesting of Sugarcane

d) Suggest a possible areas in Northern Tanzania where this photograph taken

- Arusha

- Kilimanjaro

NECTA 2000

Study carefully the photograph provided carefully, and then answer the questions that follow:

a) What is the nature of the surface area shown?

Steep Slope

b) (i) What process has taken place and has affected the landscape of the area

Soil Erosion

(ii) Mention the type of the phenomenon which has taken place in the area

Gully Erosion

c) What is possible climatic condition of this area?

Semi - Arid Climate

d) Mention the possible places in East Africa where this photograph has been taken

- Dodoma, Tanzania

- Turkana, Kenya

- Singida, Tanzania

e) Suggest the ways by which the situation in the area can be improved

- Planting trees (Forestation and Re-forestation)

- Filling in the grooves

- Avoiding overstocking

NECTA 1999
Study carefully the photograph provided carefully, and then answer the questions that follow:



a) What type of photograph is this?
Ground Photograph due to the following reasons:

- It shows only the side view of the object

- The objects decrease from the foreground to the background

b) Identify the variety of crop shown on the photograph

Coffee

c) Suggest the necessary conditions for the growth of the crop

- High and well distributed rainfall

- Cool Temperature from 14°C to 16°C

- Fertile and well drained soil

- There should be wind breakers

d) What type of activity is carried out by the people?

Harvesting or Picking Coffee

e) Comment on the nature of the scale of the photograph

- The scale decrease from the foreground to the background because the objects decrease from the foreground to the background

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